FLUENCY STRATEGIES

Reading Services Center


 

Echo Reading

  1. The teacher reads one sentence of text aloud with appropriate intonation and phrasing.
  2. The student then tries to imitate this oral reading model.
  3. This continues until the student can imitate more than one sentence at a time.

Neurological Impress

  1. Select a short passage that is easy for the student to read.
  2. Sit slightly behind the student holding the book in front of the child so that you speak toward his dominant ear.
  3. Read together as in "one voice" with the teacher moving along the line of print.
  4. The passage should be read slightly beyond the student's normal rate so attention is paid to whole words and sentences.

Choral Reading

  1. Select a poem and read it to a group of children.
  2. Practice reading the poem until they can read it in "one voice".
  3. You may divide the children into groups and assign various parts to each.
  4. "Perform" the poem for an audience.

Predictable Language

  1. Choose a book that contains a predictable pattern such as a repeated sentence or sentence pattern.
  2. Read the entire story aloud to the student.
  3. During the second reading, have the student join in reading the parts he feels able to read.
  4. During subsequent readings, use pictures and predictable language until the student is ready to read the book on his own.

Taped Reading

  1. Allow the student to read a short passage to himself.
  2. He then reads the passage into a tape recorder.
  3. The tape is replayed as the student follows along with the text in order to become aware of how his reading sounds.
  4. He can then record the passage again, then listen to hear his improvement.

    Caution: A child's accuracy tends to diminish after two or three readings.

Readers' Theater

  1. A story that can be divided into parts (such as characters) is selected and read with a group of children.
  2. The story is divided into sections with parts assigned to each child. (Colored post-its can be used to mark various parts.)
  3. Students read their scripts orally for practice.
  4. When the story is properly prepared, students stand holding their books with their backs to the audience.
  5. The story is read to the audience in assigned parts. As each person reads he turns facing the audience, then back around when he is finished.
    Note:

    Fluent reading is impossible without adequate word recognition. If a student reads haltingly, the teacher should consider word recognition as the root of the problem.

 home|Oral Reading Fluency|Fluency Strategies|Teachers' Corner