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Fluency Passages
Practicing reading aloud with good expression, accuracy, and speed is an important part of learning to read with good comprehension. There are research-based benchmarks for a student's words per minute rate that your student should set a goal to achieve. Reaching that goal by the end of that grade level will help keep your student from falling behind. But don't let them be just a speed-reader, they need to pause correctly at punctuation and read with expression to be a fluent reader. Showing reading with expression shows increasing comprehension skills.

End of Grade 1--60 wpm

End of Grade 2--90 wpm

End of Grade 3--110 wpm

End of Grade 4--125 wpm

End of Grade 5--140 wpm

End of Grade 6--150 wpm

 

Addition and Subtraction Mad Minutes
Your student moves up each level as the student shows 100% mastery of those facts in one minute. The Mad Minutes are used to assess what facts the student is not able to fluently answer and to build speed with the facts. The facts that are not mastered in one minute become the students study facts. The facts sheets are organized with two addition levels, then two corresponding subtraction levels to encourage the student to see the relationship between numbers. There are a total of 40 levels to challenge your student and encourage basic fact mastery.

Multiplication and Division Mad Minutes
Same concept as the Addition and Subtraction Mad Minutes, expect with Multiplication and Division. There are 40 levels. The division sign is a slash to encourage the student to see the relationship to fractions.

 

Sight Words
Sight words are words that are hard to sound out, don’t follow the rules, or are used so frequently in reading they words should be known by sight. Your student should know these words within 5 seconds of seeing them.  The words on these lists will make-up 50-75% of the words in their grade level materials. Mastering these words will increase your student’s fluency and comprehension skills and make reading enjoyable. Practice them often and learn to spell them. I practice them with my children in the car.